Measure and enhance elite athletic performance with Terminology One problem in understanding and interpreting the available literature about discontinuity in the blood lactate response to exercise is the plethora of terms used to describe similar phenomena. These terms include lactate threshold (Allen et al. 1985; Beaver et al. 1985; Craig 1987; Ivy et al. 1981; Tanaka et al. 1985; Weltman et al. Scientists denote conditioning at this physiological state as lactate threshold training. Heart rate monitor watch. The lactate threshold refers to the intensity of exercise at which there is an. Follow in generating training programs and workouts in order to optimize the. 1990; Yoshida et al. 1987), aerobic threshold (Aunola and Rusko 1986; Skinner and McLellan 1980), anaerobic threshold (Aunola and Rusko 1986; Heck et al. 1985; Skinner and McLellan 1980; Wasserman and McIlroy 1964), individual anaerobic threshold (McLellan et al. 1991; Stegmann and Kindermann 1982; Stegmann et al. 1981), aerobic–anaerobic threshold (Kindermann et al. 1979), onset of blood lactate accumulation (Bentley et al. 2001; Karlsson and Jacobs 1982; Sjodin and Jacobs 1981; Sjodin et al. 1981), onset of plasma lactate accumulation (Farrell et al. 1979), lactate turnpoint (Davis et al. 1983), maximal lactate steady state (Beneke and Petelin von Duvillard 1996; Heck et al. 1985), lactate minimum (Jones and Doust 1998; MacIntosh et al. 2002; Tegtbur et al. 1993),and Dmax(Cheng et al. Without doubt there are other relevant terms, but clearly this is an extensive and complicated topic of discussion. The situation is even more complicated in that some researchers have used the same term that another investigator used but to refer to a different phenomenon. For example, the term lactate threshold has been defined as the highest V.O 2 (intensity) attained during an incremental work task not associated with an increase in blood lactate concentration above the resting level (Beaver et al. 1985; Ivy et al. 1980; Tanaka et al. 1985; Weltman et al. 1990; Yoshida et al. 1987), as the exercise intensity corresponding to a lactate concentration that is 1.0 mmol L –1 above the baseline (Coyle et al. 1983), or is the highest exercise intensity that elicits a blood lactate concentration of 2.5 mmol L –1 after 10 min of steady-state exercise (Allen et al. The sidebar on page 80 of the book presents a number of commonly used terms for the blood lactate response and their corresponding definitions. Irrespective of the name assigned to an assessment technique, the user must have a clear understanding of the protocol required to detect the blood lactate related threshold. Definitions A number of researchers have independently suggested that there are at least two apparent discontinuities or thresholds in the blood lactate response to incremental exercise that may serve as general concepts for many of the terms proposed by other researchers (Beaver et al. 1986; Faude et al. 2009; Heck et al. 1985; Kindermann et al. 1979; Skinner and McLellan 1980; Wasserman 1984). The first of these is associated with the first exercise intensity at which there is a sustained increase in blood lactate above resting levels (Australian Institute of Sport 1995; Beaver et al. 1985; Coyle et al. 1984; Dickhuth et al. 1999; Ivy et al. This point is generally consistent with blood lactate concentrations of less than 2.0 mmol L –1. The second of these discontinuities is marked by a very rapid increase in blood lactate concentration. ![]() This point is representative of a shift from oxidative to partly anaerobic energy metabolism during incremental intensity exercise, and it refers to the upper limit of blood lactate concentration indicating an equilibrium between lactate production and lactate elimination (i.e., maximal lactate steady state) (Beneke 1995, 2003; Beneke et al. 1996, 2001; Harnish et al. 2001; Heck et al. 1985; Palmer et al. This second point is generally associated with blood lactate concentrations between 2.5 and 5.5 mmol L –1. Numerous researchers, however, have contested the suggestion these thresholds exist on the basis that there are no break points and no thresholds in the ventilatory and metabolic responses to incremental exercise (Cheng et al. 1992; Hagan and Smith 1984; Hughson et al.
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